1. Clogged spray arms (most common)
What it is: Nozzles plug with food bits and mineral scale. Top spray arm hits worst because pressure is lower there. Top-rack dishes come out dirty while bottom-rack are fine.
Fix: Pull each arm, soak in vinegar / CLR, clear every nozzle with a toothpick or wire, verify free rotation.
Typical all-in: $185–$285 all-in
2. Clogged filter + sump (low recirculation flow)
What it is: Filter mesh impacted with food paste — pump can't pull enough water to feed spray arms.
Fix: Pull filter, scrub mesh, vacuum sump, verify spray-arm rotation under load.
Typical all-in: $185–$245 all-in
3. Wash pump impeller worn (year 8+)
What it is: Pump motor still runs but the plastic impeller has worn down — water moves but at low pressure. Dishes look 'rinsed but not washed.'
Fix: Replace OEM wash pump assembly, verify spray pressure.
Typical all-in: $385–$485 all-in
4. Water inlet valve partially stuck
What it is: Inlet valve solenoid weak or partially clogged — dishwasher fills below proper level, spray arms don't reach full pressure.
Fix: Replace OEM inlet valve, verify fill time and level.
Typical all-in: $245–$345 all-in
5. Hard-water mineral buildup
What it is: Twin Cities west-metro homes (Plymouth, Wayzata, Eden Prairie) without softeners build heavy scale on the heating element, tub walls, and spray-arm jets. Cleaning is half mechanical, half chemical.
Fix: Full descale cycle with citric acid / commercial cleaner, manual scale removal from heater + jets, advise rinse-aid + Affresh monthly.
Typical all-in: $185–$285 all-in